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JG1 - Squadron Profile.

JG1

Founded :
Country : Germany
Fate :

German World War II fighter unit or "wing" which used the Messerschmitt Bf 109 and Focke-Wulf Fw 190 aircraft, between 1940–1944. The name of the unit derives from Jagd, meaning "hunt" and Geschwader, meaning "wing". First formed in May 1939 in eastern Prussia, I./JG 1 was one of the original groups created by the Luftwaffe as part of its expansion plans.

Between 1940 and 1942, JG 1 operated primarily over the Western Front and northern occupied Europe. During the initial days of the war, JG 1 faced little resistance, apart from occasional Royal Air Force (RAF) excursions. The unit was rarely engaged in large-scale confrontations during this time. From late 1942 onwards it was tasked with defense of the Reich duties. After D-Day, elements of JG 1 were moved to France and were tasked with air support to the army Wehrmacht, along with their air defense role. Operation Bodenplatte severely reduced the strength of JG 1.

Towards the end of the war, the unit was disbanded and its remaining pilots and aircraft were re-organized. What remained of these groups surrendered to Allied forces at the end of the war.

JG 1 was the first unit to attempt 'aerial bombing' techniques against the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) heavy bomber formations. It was the only unit to be equipped with the Heinkel He 162 jet fighter.

In 1944 the "Oesau" suffix was added to the unit's title, after its late Geschwaderkommodore Oberst Walter Oesau (127 kills), who was killed in action. Some 700 enemy aircraft were claimed shot down during the war.

JG1

JG1 Artwork Collection
Click the images below to view the fantastic artwork we have available to purchase!



Cat Among the Pigeons (FW190) by Ivan Berryman.


Clipped Signature - Herbert Kaiser.

The Last Offensive by Nicolas Trudgian.


First Strike on Berlin by Nicolas Trudgian.


Jet Interceptor by Nicolas Trudgian.


Knights of the Sky by Nicolas Trudgian


Ardennes Offensive by Nicolas Trudgian.


Storm Chasers by Nicolas Trudgian.


Day of the Fighters by Nicolas Trudgian.

Aces for : JG1
A list of all Aces from our database who are known to have flown with this squadron. A profile page is available by clicking the pilots name.
NameVictoriesInfo
Heinz Bar220.00The signature of Heinz Bar features on some of our artwork - click here to see what is available.
Hans Philipp206.00
Herbert Ihlefeld137.00The signature of Herbert Ihlefeld features on some of our artwork - click here to see what is available.
Adolf Dickfeld136.00The signature of Adolf Dickfeld features on some of our artwork - click here to see what is available.
Alfred Grislawski133.00The signature of Alfred Grislawski features on some of our artwork - click here to see what is available.
Walter Oesau133.00
Heinrich Klopper94.00
Georg-Peter Eder78.00
Walter Hoeckner68.00
Herbert Huppertz68.00
Herbert Kaiser68.00The signature of Herbert Kaiser features on some of our artwork - click here to see what is available.
Fritz Losigkeit68.00The signature of Fritz Losigkeit features on some of our artwork - click here to see what is available.
Erbo Graf von Kageneck67.00
Hermann Staiger63.00
Lutz-Wilhelm Burkhardt58.00
Wilhelm Balthasar54.00
Hans Ehlers52.00
Rudiger von Kirchmayr46.00
Erwin Laskowski46.00
Heinz Knoke44.00
Ludwig Frazisket43.00
Paul Stolte43.00
Robert Olejnik41.00
Karl-Heinz Leesmann37.00
Hugo Frey32.00
Gunther Specht32.00
Hermann Segatz31.00
Walter Adolph29.00
Franz Blazytko29.00
Erich Woitke29.00
Eberhard Bock29.00
Emil Clade27.00The signature of Emil Clade features on some of our artwork - click here to see what is available.
Anton Piffer26.00
Leo Schumacher23.00
Hans Richter22.00
Robert Spreckels21.00
Georg Schott21.00
Emil-Rudolf Schnoor21.00
Erich Gerlitz20.00
Gerhard Sommer20.00
Siegfried Muller17.00The signature of Siegfried Muller features on some of our artwork - click here to see what is available.
Friedrich Eberle17.00
Karl-Emil Demuth16.00
Rudolf Hubl16.00
Max Dobislav16.00
Erhard Braune14.00
Hans Lass14.00
Werner Gerhard13.00
Harry Koch13.00
Joachim Schlichting13.00
Heinz Hanke9.00
Hugo Schneider9.00
Dieter Gerhard8.00
Hans Schubert8.00
Heinz Fresia7.00
Hubert Heckmann5.00
Albert Griener5.00
Hans Umbach5.00
Georg Lehmann5.00
Egon Falkensamer5.00

JG1
Aircraft details




Fw190
Manufacturer : Fokke-Wulf


Fw190
The Focke-Wulf 190 development project began in 1937. Conceived as a hedge against total dependence on the Messerchmitt 109, the 190 was designed by Kurt Tank utilizing a radial engine. This was against generally accepted design criteria in Germany, and many historians believe that the decision to produce a radial engine fighter was largely due to the limited manufacturing capacity for in-line, water-cooled engines which were widely used on all other Luftwaffe aircraft. Despite these concerns, Tanks design was brilliant, and the 190 would become one of the top fighter aircraft of WWII. The first prototype flew in mid-1939. The aircraft had excellent flying characteristics, a wonderful rate of acceleration, and was heavily armed. By late 1940 the new fighter was ordered into production. Nicknamed the butcher bird, by Luftwaffe pilots, early 190s were quite successful in the bomber interceptor role, but at this stage of the war many Allied bombing raids lacked fighter escort. As the war dragged on, Allied bombers were increasingly accompanied by fighters, including the very effective P-51 Mustang. The Allies learned from experience that the 190s performance fell off sharply at altitudes above 20,000 feet. As a result, most Allied bombing missions were shifted to higher altitudes when fighter opposition was likely. Kurt Tank had recognized this shortcoming and began working on a high-altitude version of the 190 utilizing an in-line, water-cooled engine. Utilizing a Jumo 12-cylinder engine rated at 1770-HP, and capable of 2,240-HP for short bursts with its methanol injection system, the 190D, or Long Nose or Dora as it was called, had a top speed of 426-MPH at 22,000 feet. Armament was improved with two fuselage and two wing mounted 20mm cannon. To accommodate the changes in power plants the Dora had a longer, more streamlined fuselage, with 24 inches added to the nose, and an additional 19 inches added aft of the cockpit to compensate for the altered center of gravity. By mid 1944 the Dora began to reach fighter squadrons in quantity. Although the aircraft had all the right attributes to serve admirably in the high altitude interceptor role, it was not generally focused on such missions. Instead many 190Ds were assigned to protect airfields where Me-262 jet fighters were based. This was due to the latter aircrafts extreme vulnerability to Allied attack during takeoff and landing. The 190Ds also played a major role in Operation Bodenplatte, the New Years Day raid in 1945 which destroyed approximately 500 Allied aircraft on the ground. The High Command was impressed with the 190Ds record on this raid, and ordered most future production of the Doras to be equipped as fighter-bombers. In retrospect this was a strategic error, and this capable aircraft was not fully utilized in the role for which it was intended.



Me109
Manufacturer : Messerschmitt
Built : 33984


Me109
Willy Messerschmitt designed the BF109 during the early 1930s. The Bf109 was one of the first all metal monocoque construction fighters with a closed canopy and retractable undercarriage. The engine of the Me109 was a V12 aero engine which was liquid-cooled. The Bf109 first saw operational service during the Spanish Civil War and flew to the end of World War II, during which time it was the backbone of the Luftwaffe fighter squadrons. During the Battle of Britian the Bf109 was used in the role of an escort fighter, a role for which it was not designed for, and it was also used as a fighter bomber. During the last days of May 1940 Robert Stanford-Tuck, the RAF ace, got the chance to fly an Me109 which they had rebuilt after it had crash landed. Stanford-Tuck found out that the Me109 was a wonderful little plane, it was slightly faster than the Spitfire, but lacked the Spitfire manoeuvrability. By testing the Me109, Tuck could put himself inside the Me109 when fighting them, knowing its weak and strong points. With the introduction of the improved Bf109F in the spring of 1941, the type again proved to be an effective fighter during the invasion of Yugoslavia and during the Battle of Crete and the invasion of Russia and it was used during the Siege of the Mediteranean island of Malta. The Bf109 was the main fighter for the Luftwaffe until 1942 when the Fw190 entered service and shared this position, and was partially replaced in Western Europe, but the Me109 continued to serve on the Eastern Front and during the defence of the Reich against the allied bombers. It was also used to good effect in the Mediterranean and North Africa in support of The Africa Korps. The Me109 was also supplied to several German allies, including Finland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Slovakia. The Bf109 scored more kills than any other fighter of any country during the war and was built in greater numbers with a total of over 31,000 aircraft being built. The Bf109 was flown by the three top German aces of the war war. Erich Hartmann with 352 victories, Gerhard Barkhorn with 301 victories and Gunther Rall with 275 kills. Bf109 pilots were credited with the destruction of 100 or more enemy aircraft. Thirteen Luftwaffe Aces scored more than 200 kills. Altogether this group of pilots were credited with a total of nearly 15,000 kills, of which the Messerschmitt Bf109 was credited with over 10,000 of these victories. The Bf109 was the most produced warplane during World War II, with 30,573 examples built during the war, and the most produced fighter aircraft in history, with a total of 33,984 units produced up to April 1945. Bf109s remained in foreign service for many years after World War II. The Swiss used their Bf109Gs well into the 1950s. The Finnish Air Force did not retire their Bf109Gs until March 1954. Romania used its Bf109s until 1955. The Spanish Hispanos flew even longer. Some were still in service in the late 1960s.



Ta152
Manufacturer : Focke-Wulf


Ta152
No profile available


JG1
Pilot and aircrew signature details




Colonel Herbert Ihlefeld
Our estimated value of this signature : £65
Died : 1995

Colonel Herbert Ihlefeld

Born 1st June 1914 in Pinnow Pommern and died 8th August 1995 in Wenningen lower Saxony. Joined the Luftwaffe in 1936 and scored nine victories during the Spanish Civil War. Flew 1000 combat missions and claimed 132 enemy aircraft with 56 on the Western Front including 26 spitfires and 67 on the Russian Front. Participated in the air war over Poland, France and the Battle of Britain. In 1941 Ihlefeld was transferred to the Balkans for the invasion of Yugoslavia. He was shot down by AA fire and captured by the Yugoslavian Army. 8 days lated he was rescued by the German troops. Ihlefeld participated in the assault on Crete, claiming his 36th kill, a Hurricane. He then commanded Jagdgeschwader 77 in time for Operation Barbarossa in June 1941. In April 1942 Ihlefeld became the 5th pilot to reach 100 victories and his unit 1/JG77 was credited with 323 enemy aircraft kills compared to the loss of only 17 Bf109s. Ihlefeld then took command of Jagdgeschwader 52 in June 1942 but he was involved in a landing accident and badly injured and was not ready to return to active service until July 1943. In May 1944 he commanded JG11 and then JG1 during the defence of the Reich. In 1945 he took command of Jagdgeschwader 1 equipped with the Heinkel 162.

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